Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird is a profound exploration of morality, justice, and human nature set in the racially segregated town of Maycomb, Alabama. Among the many memorable characters that populate this classic novel, Mr. Underwood stands out as a compelling figure whose actions and beliefs significantly influence the narrative’s themes. Although he is a minor character, his role underscores crucial messages about morality, social justice, and the importance of standing up for what is right. This article delves into the character of Mr. Underwood, analyzing his personality, beliefs, and contribution to the novel’s overarching themes.
Who is Mr. Underwood?
Introduction to Mr. Underwood
Mr. Underwood is the owner and editor of the Maycomb Tribune, the local newspaper. He is depicted as a middle-aged man with a serious demeanor, often characterized by his strong opinions and moral convictions. Throughout the novel, he appears sporadically but leaves a lasting impression through his actions and editorial stance.
While Mr. Underwood is not a central character like Atticus Finch or Scout, his presence is significant because he represents the voice of moral conscience within the community. His newspaper editorials often reflect his beliefs about justice, fairness, and the racial inequalities prevalent in Maycomb.
Physical Description and Personality Traits
Harper Lee provides limited physical descriptions of Mr. Underwood; however, his personality traits are vividly illustrated through his words and actions:
- Serious and Stern: He often appears serious, embodying a no-nonsense attitude suitable for a newspaper editor.
- Moral and Ethical: He demonstrates a strong sense of morality, especially evident during critical moments in the story.
- Courageous: Despite the town's conservative views, he shows a willingness to challenge injustices.
- Loyal and Supportive: He supports Atticus Finch and the community’s efforts to seek justice, even when it’s unpopular.
Mr. Underwood’s Role in the Novel
As a Moral Voice
One of Mr. Underwood’s primary roles in To Kill a Mockingbird is serving as a moral compass. Through his editorials and attitude, he exemplifies integrity and a commitment to justice, often contrasting with the broader societal prejudices of Maycomb.
For example, during the trial of Tom Robinson, Mr. Underwood’s newspaper publishes editorials condemning racism and injustice. His stance signifies that even in a town deeply rooted in discriminatory beliefs, there are individuals willing to speak out against injustice.
In the Context of the Trial
The trial of Tom Robinson is a pivotal event in the novel, exposing the deep-seated racism of Maycomb. During this time, Mr. Underwood’s actions demonstrate his support for Atticus Finch and his disapproval of the racial prejudice that influences the trial.
Notably, Mr. Underwood’s newspaper editorializes against the lynching of Tom Robinson, highlighting his disapproval of such violence. When the mob gathers outside the jail intending to lynch Robinson, Mr. Underwood’s editorial condemns such acts, emphasizing the importance of justice and human dignity.
Symbolic Significance
Although a minor character, Mr. Underwood symbolizes the potential for moral integrity within a community mired in prejudice. His willingness to speak against injustice signifies that change is possible, and moral courage can influence others.
Key Scenes Featuring Mr. Underwood
The Lynching Scene
One of the most critical moments involving Mr. Underwood occurs during the mob scene outside the jail. When a mob of townspeople, including some of Maycomb’s most respected citizens, gather to lynch Tom Robinson, Mr. Underwood is present, and his actions are significant:
- He is among those who are silently observing the situation.
- After Scout intervenes and the mob disperses, it is revealed that Mr. Underwood wrote an editorial condemning the mob’s intentions.
- His editorial explicitly denounces violence and advocates for justice, highlighting his moral stance.
This scene underscores Mr. Underwood’s courage in standing against mob mentality and societal injustice, even when he is not physically confronting the mob.
The Funeral of Tom Robinson
During Tom Robinson’s funeral, Mr. Underwood’s presence serves as a reminder of the community’s complicity in racial injustice. Although he does not participate directly, his support through words and moral stance reinforces the novel’s themes of standing up against prejudice.
Thematic Significance of Mr. Underwood
Illustrating Moral Courage
Mr. Underwood exemplifies moral courage—the willingness to stand up for what is right despite social pressures or personal risk. His editorial condemning the lynching attempt demonstrates that even in a town where racism is commonplace, individuals can choose integrity over conformity.
Highlighting the Role of the Press
As the owner and editor of the Maycomb Tribune, Mr. Underwood’s character emphasizes the importance of free press and responsible journalism. His editorials serve as a platform for advocating justice and exposing societal flaws. Harper Lee uses his character to underline the power of the press in shaping moral attitudes and influencing community values.
Challenging Societal Norms
Through Mr. Underwood’s stance against violence and racism, the novel challenges readers to reflect on societal norms and the importance of individual moral responsibility. His actions serve as a call for moral accountability, encouraging others to speak out against injustice.
Comparison with Other Characters
While Mr. Underwood is a minor character, comparing him with other community members reveals interesting contrasts:
- Atticus Finch: Both characters are moral exemplars; Atticus in legal justice, Mr. Underwood in moral journalism.
- The Mob Members: The mob represents societal conformity and prejudice; Mr. Underwood embodies moral resistance.
- Scout and Jem: As children learning morality, Scout and Jem are influenced indirectly by characters like Mr. Underwood who model integrity.
Conclusion
In Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird, Mr. Underwood may not be the most prominent character, but his contributions are vital to the novel’s message. As a newspaper editor committed to justice and morality, he symbolizes the moral conscience within Maycomb. His courageous stand during the lynching scene and his consistent editorial stance against violence and prejudice serve as powerful reminders of the importance of moral integrity and the potential for individuals to influence societal change.
Through Mr. Underwood, Harper Lee underscores that even in the most challenging circumstances, those with moral conviction can make a difference. His character encourages readers to consider their own roles in confronting injustice and standing up for what is right, making him an enduring symbol of moral courage in American literature.
Frequently Asked Questions
Who is Mr. Underwood in 'To Kill a Mockingbird'?
Mr. Underwood is the editor of the Maycomb Tribune and a minor character who appears during the trial and other key events in the novel.
What role does Mr. Underwood play during the trial of Tom Robinson?
Although he doesn't participate directly in the trial, Mr. Underwood demonstrates support for Tom Robinson and the fight against racial injustice through his editorial comments.
How is Mr. Underwood's character portrayed in 'To Kill a Mockingbird'?
He is portrayed as a somewhat gruff but morally upright man who cares about justice and the community's well-being.
Does Mr. Underwood have any significant moments in the novel?
Yes, his editorial during the trial condemns racism and highlights the injustice faced by Tom Robinson, showcasing his moral stance.
What is Mr. Underwood's attitude towards racial issues in the novel?
He is shown to be sympathetic towards African Americans and critical of racial prejudice, as evidenced by his editorial comments.
Is Mr. Underwood related to any other main characters in 'To Kill a Mockingbird'?
No, Mr. Underwood is not related to the main characters; he is a community figure and the newspaper editor.
How does Mr. Underwood's perspective reflect the themes of justice in the novel?
His support of justice and fairness through his editorial work exemplifies the novel’s themes of morality and social justice.
What is the significance of Mr. Underwood's newspaper during the trial?
The newspaper serves as a voice of moral conscience, helping to influence public opinion and highlight issues of injustice.
Does Mr. Underwood have any interactions with Scout or Atticus Finch?
While he doesn't have direct interactions, his editorials support Atticus's defense and moral stance during the trial.
How does Mr. Underwood's character contribute to the overall message of 'To Kill a Mockingbird'?
He embodies moral integrity and the importance of standing up against injustice, reinforcing the novel's themes of empathy and morality.
