Sayings of St. Thomas Aquinas: A Deep Dive into the Wisdom of a Medieval Theologian
Sayings of St. Thomas Aquinas have inspired countless generations of theologians, philosophers, and believers. As one of the most influential figures in Catholic theology and Scholastic philosophy, Aquinas’s words encapsulate profound insights into faith, reason, virtue, and the nature of God. His sayings continue to serve as guiding lights for those seeking spiritual understanding and intellectual clarity. This article explores some of the most notable sayings of St. Thomas Aquinas, their context, and their enduring relevance today.
Introduction: Who Was St. Thomas Aquinas?
St. Thomas Aquinas (1225–1274) was a Dominican friar, theologian, and philosopher from the medieval period. His writings, particularly the Summa Theologica, have cemented his reputation as a towering figure in Christian thought. Aquinas sought to reconcile faith with reason, believing that divine truth could be approached through rational inquiry. His teachings emphasize the harmony between divine revelation and human intellect, making his sayings both spiritually enriching and intellectually profound.
Core Themes in the Sayings of St. Thomas Aquinas
Many of Aquinas’s sayings revolve around key themes such as the nature of God, the importance of virtue, the role of reason, and the pursuit of truth. Understanding these themes provides insight into his worldview and the principles that underpin his teachings.
1. The Nature of God
Aquinas often reflected on God's omnipotence, omniscience, and goodness. His sayings emphasize the transcendence of God and the importance of recognizing divine qualities in human life.
2. Faith and Reason
One of Aquinas’s most famous contributions is his assertion that faith and reason are not opposed but complementary. His sayings highlight the harmony between believing and understanding.
3. Virtue and Moral Life
Aquinas believed that living a virtuous life aligns humans with their divine purpose. His words often encourage moral development and the pursuit of virtue as a pathway to happiness.
Notable Sayings of St. Thomas Aquinas
Below are some of the most impactful sayings attributed to St. Thomas Aquinas, each illustrating his philosophical and theological outlook.
1. On the Pursuit of Truth
- "To one who has faith, no explanation is necessary. To one without faith, no explanation is possible."
- "The things that we love tell us what we are."
- "The highest point of our happiness consists in our contemplating God."
2. On Faith and Reason
- "Faith and reason are like two wings on which the human spirit rises to the contemplation of truth."
- "Grace does not destroy nature, but perfects it."
- "All that is true, no matter where it is found, belongs to our Lord."
3. On God’s Nature
- "God is not part of the universe, but beyond it."
- "God is the first cause of all that exists."
- "The essence of God is to be identical with His existence."
4. On Virtue and Moral Life
- "The moral virtues are habits that govern our actions."
- "Happiness depends upon ourselves."
- "The pursuit of virtue is the key to human happiness."
Analysis of Key Sayings and Their Significance
Faith and Reason as Complementary Paths
Aquinas’s assertion that "Faith and reason are like two wings on which the human spirit rises to the contemplation of truth" encapsulates his belief in the harmony between divine revelation and rational inquiry. He argued that reason can lead us to many truths about God's creation, but faith is necessary to grasp divine mysteries that surpass human understanding. This balance encourages believers to seek knowledge both through spiritual trust and intellectual effort, fostering a holistic approach to truth.
The Transcendence of God
His statement, "God is not part of the universe, but beyond it," emphasizes the transcendent nature of the divine. Unlike creation, which is limited and contingent, God exists outside time and space, embodying pure actuality. Recognizing this helps believers develop humility and reverence, acknowledging the infinite greatness of God compared to human limitations.
Virtue as a Pathway to Happiness
By asserting, "The pursuit of virtue is the key to human happiness," Aquinas underscores the importance of moral development. Virtues such as prudence, justice, temperance, and courage are not just moral ideals but essential to achieving true fulfillment. His teachings suggest that happiness is found not in transient pleasures but in aligning one's life with moral excellence and divine law.
Relevance of St. Thomas Aquinas’s Sayings Today
Despite the centuries that separate us from Aquinas’s era, his sayings remain remarkably pertinent. In a world grappling with scientific advances, ethical dilemmas, and spiritual questions, his emphasis on harmony between faith and reason offers a balanced perspective. For individuals seeking moral clarity, his words about virtue and happiness serve as timeless guidance. Additionally, his acknowledgment of the transcendence of God invites ongoing reflection on the divine mystery that underpins existence.
Applications in Modern Life
- In Education: Encouraging the integration of faith and reason fosters critical thinking alongside spiritual growth.
- In Ethics: Virtue ethics, inspired by Aquinas, promote moral character as foundational to personal and societal well-being.
- In Spirituality: His sayings remind believers to seek a higher understanding of divine truths beyond empirical knowledge.
Conclusion: The Enduring Legacy of St. Thomas Aquinas’s Sayings
The sayings of St. Thomas Aquinas continue to serve as a beacon for those seeking to understand the divine, develop virtue, and harmonize faith with reason. His words encapsulate a worldview that elevates human intellect while acknowledging the mystery of God. As we reflect on his sayings, we find not only philosophical insights but also practical wisdom that guides us in our moral and spiritual journey. Embracing Aquinas’s teachings invites us to pursue truth with humility, courage, and a deep reverence for the divine mystery that sustains all creation.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is one of the most famous sayings of St. Thomas Aquinas about knowledge?
St. Thomas Aquinas said, "To one who has faith, no explanation is necessary. To one without faith, no explanation is possible."
How did St. Thomas Aquinas describe the relationship between faith and reason?
He stated, "Faith and reason are like two wings on which the soul rises to the contemplation of truth."
What did St. Thomas Aquinas say about happiness?
He believed that true happiness is found in the vision of God, stating, "Happiness is secured through virtue and the pursuit of divine truth."
What is a well-known saying of St. Thomas Aquinas regarding wisdom?
He said, "Wisdom is the daughter of experience."
How did St. Thomas Aquinas view the role of divine law?
He asserted, "The natural law is the participation of the eternal law in the rational creature."
What did St. Thomas Aquinas say about human purpose?
He wrote, "The purpose of human life is to know and love God."
What is a famous quote from St. Thomas Aquinas about truth?
He stated, "Truth is the conformity of the thing to the intellect."
